There's a simple explanation. 51mon is on the right track.
When you are close to your speaker you are standing off-axis and you only hear part of your sound: you do not hear the higher frequencies because the dispersion pattern narrows at higher frequencies. Go a few metres from your cab and you hear more HF because you are not so far off-axis. In other words, high frequencies beam and you have to be in the beam to hear them. Importantly, higher frequencies are responsible for the definition of your sound.
Once you get further away, what you hear is a combination of direct and indirect sound. The further back you go, the more indirect sound you hear until you arrive at a position where what you are hearing is virtually all indirect sound (bounced off from the walls, ceilings, etc.). Because the off-axis output of a general purpose bass cab rolls off above 1000Hz, its 'power response' or reverberant field response contains very little information above that frequency. Its sound will therefore change in the far field and will become muddy. Yes, that's you (unless you're going through the PA).
This is one of the key arguments in favour of using a small diameter midrange driver (or horn loading) to improve the off-axis response. Either that, or go through the PA, which is likely to have been designed with a useful power response.