Apologies if you know the following already but ...
Feedback is caused by the pickup attempting to amplify the sound from the speaker - which has already been amplified. You get a swiftly increasing cycle of amplification which produces the familiar feedback sound. Feedback is usually caused by over sensitivty to a particular frequency - and this is the frequency that the feedback produces - so if its a high squeal, there is too much top end, if its a low hum, too much bottom end.
One thing you can do is to use a graphic equalizer to cut the frequency which is feeding back - and the more bands you have in your graphic, then the more successful this will be. So if you are getting a low feedback, try experimenting with cutting some of he low frequencies.
The trouble with using a graphic to cut the feedback is that is very easy to end up with a thin sound - as you are taking frequencies out of the equation. The other thing you can look at is reducing your on stage sound. If you have a pa, put the bass through that as well as though your on stage amp. You can then reduce he volume of your amp so that it is loud enough for you to hear, but it doesnt have to be loud enough for the audience - they will hear it through the pa.
A good preamp is a must - and as other posters have said, if you have a good preamp, then the amp is receiving a strong re signal, so doesnt have to boost it so much, which will mean less feedback potential.
A final more radical solution - if you cant put the bass through the pa, put he bass amp/speaker in front of you pointing away from you towards the audience. This will reduce the feedback but of course you wont be able to hear yourself so easily. If this becomes a problem use a second amp set at a quieter volume pointing back at you. If you are using an amp purely for monitoring, then you can position it as close to you as possible. I use a MarkBass Traveller speaker (which is pretty small) on a stand so I can get it close to my ears which means I dont need it excessively loud.
Hope this all helps